RESEARCH 
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Formative Research

Pre-Development Research Pre-Development Research summarizes all of the academic research used to develop a series, showing the commonalities across programs.

Pedagogical Research-Base/White Paper These papers frame the product in existing scientifically-based research. A white paper might include research supporting the rationale of including specific content in the product (e.g., matching state standards) as evidence of the efficacy of specific instructional design features.

Classroom Field Tests Field tests are conducted in classrooms prior to publication of the program and the results are compiled into reports.

Summative Research

Evidence of Increased Test Scores Student, school, and district test scores are gathered and analyzed from schools using McGraw-Hill programs. When possible, test scores from state websites are presented for the year prior to using McGraw-Hill.

Efficacy Research In this type of study, an intervention is administered to all students participating in the study. Results between the experimental group and the control group are then compared. The gain from pre-test to post-test provides evidence of effectiveness.

Qualitative Program Evaluations Qualitative research is conducted through teacher and student evaluations and case studies.