Chapter 35:
The Digestive and Endocrine Systems
Practice Test
1.
What is digestion?
a.
breaking large molecules into smaller ones
b.
taking all the calories out of food
c.
removing all the bonds from molecules
d.
assembling large molecules from smaller fragments
Hint
2.
Where does the digestion of fats begin?
a.
the mouth
b.
the stomach
c.
the small intestine
d.
the large intestine
Hint
3.
What is the role of villi in the small intestine?
a.
They excrete undigested wastes from food.
b.
They secrete gastrin to increase the action of the stomach.
c.
They secrete bile for fat digestion.
d.
They increase surface area of the small intestine.
Hint
4.
The products of digestion of protein are absorbed in the __________.
a.
pancreas
b.
large intestine
c.
small intestine
d.
stomach
Hint
5.
If a food substance contained 20 calories and it were burned, it would raise the temperature of 1 mL of water by how many degrees C?
a.
20
b.
1
c.
100
d.
10
Hint
6.
Undigested materials leave the digestive tract through the __________.
a.
large intestines
b.
anus
c.
esophagus
d.
mouth
Hint
7.
What secretion from the liver breaks fats into small droplets?
a.
gastrin
b.
bile
c.
pepsin
d.
amylase
Hint
8.
Which of the following hormones signals the liver and muscle cells to take in glucose?
a.
calcitonin
b.
epinephrine
c.
glucagon
d.
insulin
Hint
9.
Which of the following is the connection between the nervous system and endocrine system?
a.
hypothalamus - pituitary gland
b.
hypothalamus - adrenal gland
c.
pituitary gland - bloodstream
d.
pituitary gland - adrenal gland
Hint
10.
Which of the following best defines peristalsis?
a.
the re-absorption of water in the large intestine.
b.
the action of a digestive enzyme on food or food products
c.
a series of involuntary muscle contractions along the walls of the digestive tract
d.
the process of forming food into a bolus for swallowing
Hint
11.
Which hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary and causes the human body to increase in size?
a.
parathyroid hormone
b.
human growth hormone
c.
human chorionic gonadotropin
d.
adrenalin
Hint
12.
What is the function of protein in the diet?
a.
They are building materials in muscles and cell structures..
b.
They are the main source of energy for body cells.
c.
They are stored in deposits for later use.
d.
They are components in the genetic code of the cells.
Hint
13.
Once food molecules are absorbed, they are carried throughout the body __________.
a.
by the respiratory system
b.
attached to hemoglobin
c.
inside of platelets
d.
in the plasma
Hint
14.
What is a target cell?
a.
foreign cell that is to be attacked by white blood cells
b.
a particular cell to which a hormone conveys information
c.
a cell that is a target of the digestive process
d.
a part of the pancreas that secretes insulin
Hint
15.
When proteins are digested in the small intestine, what are the end products?
a.
nucleic acids
b.
monosaccharides
c.
fatty acids
d.
amino acids
Hint
