Chapter 11:
The Rock Cycle
Practice Test
1.
The white cliffs of Dover are composed of which rock type?
a.
organic sedimentary
b.
detrital sedimentary
c.
foliated metamorphic
d.
extrusive igneous
Hint
2.
How are metamorphic rocks classified by texture?
a.
as heated or pressurized
b.
as detrital or organic
c.
as intrusive or extrusive
d.
as foliated or nonfoliated
Hint
3.
How do igneous rocks form?
a.
as water evaporates from a salty solution
b.
as crystalline material melts
c.
as sand grains are compressed at Earth's surface
d.
as molten material cools and solidifies
Hint
4.
Select the most common extrusive igneous rock.
a.
obsidian
b.
chert
c.
granite
d.
basalt
Hint
5.
How is concrete different from conglomerate?
a.
Concrete is igneous and conglomerate is sedimentary.
b.
Concrete is a solid and conglomerate is a sediment.
c.
Concrete is human-made and conglomerate forms in nature.
d.
Concrete is grainy and conglomerate is smooth.
Hint
6.
A stream flows through a mountainous area and plucks off grains of granite along the way. The chunks of granite are carried by the stream until the flowing water can hold them no longer and they drop to the bottom of a deep pool. Which part of the rock cycle does this activity represent?
a.
compaction and pressure to form new metamorphic rocks
b.
compaction and cementation to form new sediments
c.
weathering and erosion of igneous rock to form new sediments
d.
weathering and erosion of metamorphic rock to form new metamorphic rocks
Hint
7.
Which is true of intrusive rocks?
a.
They form as magma cools and solidifies below Earth's surface.
b.
They form as water wears away minerals on Earth's surface.
c.
They form as lava cools and solidifies above Earth's surface.
d.
They form as water dissolves minerals below Earth's surface.
Hint
8.
What is the first step in the formation of a detrital sedimentary rock?
a.
cementation of mineral grains and rock fragments
b.
compaction of mineral grains and rock fragments
c.
melting of mineral grains and rock fragments
d.
weathering and erosion of mineral
Hint
9.
Granite is a mixture of interlocked minerals formed from cooling magma. Which of the following minerals is NOT a major component of granite?
a.
quartz
b.
feldspar
c.
mica
d.
halite
Hint
10.
What physical property of obsidian makes it useful as a tool?
a.
its rapid cooling rate
b.
the way it fractures
c.
its glassy luster
d.
its streak
Hint
11.
Select the BEST definition of a rock.
a.
a mixture of one or more minerals, mineraloids, glass, or organic materials
b.
a mixture of organic remains and synthetic materials
c.
a mixture of halite and calcite
d.
a mixture of quartz, mica, hornblende, and feldspar
Hint
12.
How can heat and pressure change the appearance of mineral grains during the formation of a metamorphic rock?
a.
They may flatten and line up.
b.
They may dissolve and form a geode.
c.
They may weather to clay.
d.
They may melt to form glass.
Hint
13.
Which type of rock forms as a result of volcanic activity?
a.
extrusive
b.
evaporite
c.
detrital
d.
intrusive
Hint
14.
How are igneous rocks classified?
a.
by grain size and overall color
b.
by hardness and abundance
c.
by grain roundness and hardness
d.
by luster and hardness
Hint
15.
What information about the geologic history of an area can be gained from fossils?
a.
how once-living organisms have changed over time
b.
the features of once-living organisms
c.
by grain roundness and hardness
d.
all of the above
Hint
