Chapter 25:
Acid, Bases, and Salts
Practice Test
1.
An acid is added to pure water. The difference between the pH of the solution and the pH of the pure water is 3. What is the pH of the solution?
a.
7
b.
3
c.
0
d.
4
Hint
2.
Write the equation for the reaction when HNO
3
, nitric acid, ionizes in water.
a.
HNO
3
→ NO
3
-
+ H
+
b.
HNO
3
+ H
2
O → NO
3
- + H
3
O
+
c.
HNO
3
+ OH
-
→ NO
3
-
+ H
2
O
d.
HNO
3
+ H
3
O
+
→ H
3
ONO
3
+ H
+
Hint
3.
The pH of rain that fell over a region was measured at a number of places. The measured values were 4.6, 5.1, 4.8, 4.5, 4.5, 4.9, 4.7, and 4.8. What was the mean value of the measured pH?
a.
4.5
b.
0.6
c.
4.7
d.
37.9
Hint
4.
When Na
2
O, sodium oxide, reacts with water, the base NaOH, sodium hydroxide, is formed. Write the balanced equation for this reaction.
a.
Na
2
O + H
3
O
+
→ 2NaOH
b.
Na
2
O + OH
-
→ NaOH + H
2
O
c.
Na
2
O + 2H
2
O → 2NaOH + H
3
O+
d.
Na
2
O + H
2
O → 2NaOH
Hint
5.
A molecule of acetylsalicylic acid, or aspirin, has the chemical formula COOHC
6
H
4
COOCH
3
. What is the mass of a molecule of acetylsalicylic acid in amu?
a.
180 amu
b.
172 amu
c.
115 amu
d.
21 amu
Hint
6.
On the pH scale, an decrease of one unit means that the concentration of H
+
ions increases 10 times. If the pH of a solution changes from 6.5 to 4.5, how has the concentration of H
+
ions changed?
a.
decreased by 100 times
b.
increased by 100 times
c.
increased by 10 times
d.
increased by 2 times
Hint
7.
Write the balanced chemical equation for the neutralization of HBr, hydobromic acid, by Al(OH)
3
, aluminum hydroxide.
a.
3HBr + AL(OH)
3
→ 3AlBr + 3H
2
O
b.
HBr + AL(OH)
3
→ AlBr + 3H
2
O
c.
3HBr + AL(OH)
3
→ AlBr
3
+ H
2
O
d.
3HBr + AL(OH)
3
→ AlBr
3
+ 3H
2
O
Hint
8.
Write the balanced chemical equation for the neutralization of H
2
SO
4
, sulfuric acid, by KOH, potassium hydroxide.
a.
H
2
SO
4
+ 2KOH → K
2
SO
4
+ 2H
2
O
b.
H
2
SO
4
+ KOH → KSO
4
+ 2H
2
O
c.
H
2
SO
4
+ 2KOH → 2K
2
SO
4
+ 2H
2
O
d.
H
2
SO
4
+ 2KOH → KSO
4
+ 2H
2
O
Hint
9.
A bottle contains 473.0 mL of vinegar. If 5.5% of the volume of the vinegar is acetic acid, how many milliliters of acetic acid are in the bottle?
a.
26.0 mL
b.
5.5 mL
c.
55.0 mL
d.
260 mL
Hint
10.
A base is added to pure water. The difference between the pH of the solution and the pH of the pure water is 2. What is the pH of the solution?
a.
9
b.
5
c.
7
d.
0
Hint
