Chapter 4:
The Structure of the Atom
Practice Test
1.
What isotope has seven protons and six neutrons?
a.
carbon-7
b.
nitrogen-7
c.
carbon-13
d.
nitrogen-13
Hint
2.
How many protons are present in an atom potassium-39?
a.
58
b.
19
c.
39
d.
20
Hint
3.
What is the charge of a gamma ray?
a.
1+
b.
2+
c.
0
d.
1–
Hint
4.
The sum of the protons and neutrons in a nucleus is __________?
a.
the mass number
b.
the atomic number
c.
Avogadro’s number
d.
the element number
Hint
5.
What is the negatively—charged particle in an atom?
a.
proton
b.
positron
c.
neutron
d.
electron
Hint
6.
What is the charge of a beta particle?
a.
0
b.
1–
c.
2+
d.
1+
Hint
7.
What is the name for atoms of an element that have different masses?
a.
isomers
b.
isotopes
c.
allotropes
d.
alloforms
Hint
8.
What is the smallest particle of an element that maintains the properties of the element?
a.
molecule
b.
mixture
c.
cation
d.
atom
Hint
9.
Which of the following statements is correct?
a.
A proton is about 2000 times more massive than an electron.
b.
A neutron will always be found orbiting the nucleus.
c.
An electron is about 2000 times more massive than a proton.
d.
The nucleus is mostly empty space.
Hint
10.
What is the primary factor in determining an atom’s stability?
a.
neutron to proton ratio
b.
alpha particle to beta particle ratio
c.
neutron to electron ratio
d.
proton to electron ratio
Hint
11.
How do gamma rays differ from alpha particles and beta particles?
a.
Alpha particle and beta particle emissions result in the formation of new atoms, whereas gamma ray emissions do not.
b.
Gamma rays and alpha particles result in the formation of new atoms, but beta particles do not.
c.
Gamma rays have mass, whereas alpha and beta particles do not.
d.
Gamma rays and beta particles result in the formation of new atoms, but alpha particles do not.
Hint
12.
How is the atomic mass unit (amu) defined?
a.
1/16 the mass of an oxygen-16 atom
b.
1/14 the mass of a nitrogen-14 atom
c.
1/12 the mass of a carbon-12 atom
d.
1/13 the mass of a carbon-13 atom
Hint
13.
An atom of an element contains eight electrons. What is the identity of this element?
a.
carbon
b.
fluorine
c.
nitrogen
d.
oxygen
Hint
14.
Which of the following particles has a mass that is almost the same as the mass of a proton?
a.
positron
b.
beta particle
c.
electron
d.
neutron
Hint
15.
What is the name for the emission of rays and particles by a radioactive material?
a.
radiation
b.
nuclear reactivity
c.
radioactive series
d.
decay
Hint
16.
Which of the following is true for any atom?
a.
atomic number = number of protons = number of electrons
b.
mass number = number of protons = number of electrons
c.
atomic number = number of neutrons = number of electrons
d.
mass number = number of protons = number of neutrons
Hint
17.
Which of the following is a correct statement about a neutral atom?
a.
The atom is radioactive.
b.
Neutrons are present in the nucleus.
c.
The atom has the same number of proton and electrons.
d.
The atoms carry a positive or a negative charge.
Hint
18.
What is the charge of an alpha particle?
a.
0
b.
1–
c.
1+
d.
2+
Hint
19.
Which of the following statements concerning hydrogen is false?
a.
Hydrogen’s electron is not found in the nucleus.
b.
All hydrogen isotopes have one neutron.
c.
All hydrogen isotopes have one proton.
d.
All hydrogen isotopes have one electron.
Hint
20.
What is the name of the element that has an atomic number of 3?
a.
lithium
b.
helium
c.
lanthanum
d.
beryllium
Hint
