Chapter 2:
Matter is Made up of Atoms
Practice Test
1.
When an atom absorbs energy that causes one of its electrons to move to a higher energy level, the atom is said to be in _____________.
a.
an excited state
b.
the nucleus
c.
the ground state
d.
an outer orbit
Hint
2.
This scientist compared the the motions of electrons in atoms to the motions of planets orbiting the sun.
a.
Thomson
b.
Priestly
c.
Bohr
d.
Rutherford
Hint
3.
An element's emission spectrum is thought to be produced when electrons move from _____________.
a.
higher to lower energy levels
b.
lower to higher energy levels
c.
inside the atom to outside the atom
d.
the nucleus to energy levels
Hint
4.
An atom's valence electrons are those in its ___________.
a.
inner energy levels
b.
outermost energy level
c.
lowest energy level
d.
electron clouds
Hint
5.
When 0.243 g of magnesium reacts with 0.160 g of oxygen, how many grams of magnesium oxide is produced?
a.
0.486 g
b.
0.243 g
c.
less than 0.403 g
d.
0.403 g
Hint
6.
A magnesium atom has _______ valence electron.
a.
two
b.
three
c.
four
d.
five
Hint
7.
Greek philosophers thought these four elements formed all matter.
a.
hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen
b.
carbon, phosphorus, calcium, oxygen
c.
earth, sea, air, plasma
d.
earth, air, fire, water
Hint
8.
Most alpha particles in Rutherford's gold-foil experiment ________________________.
a.
were deflected at small angles
b.
passed straight through the foil
c.
were deflected at large angles
d.
bounced back
Hint
9.
In natural waste-disposal processes, atoms are ___________.
a.
made into aluminum
b.
created
c.
recycled
d.
destroyed
Hint
10.
Lavoisier came to the conclusion that air is a mixture made up mostly of these two gases.
a.
nitrogen and oxygen
b.
oxygen and methane
c.
oxygen and carbon dioxide
d.
hydrogen and oxygen
Hint
11.
The number of protons in the nucleus of the atoms of an element determines the element's _____________.
a.
mass number
b.
gender
c.
atomic number
d.
atomic mass
Hint
12.
This element is in period two of the periodic table and has four dots in its Lewis dot diagram.
a.
neon
b.
oxygen
c.
carbon
d.
beryllium
Hint
13.
Thomson showed that the atom was not a solid ball when he discovered the ___________.
a.
neutron
b.
alpha particle
c.
electron
d.
proton
Hint
14.
This isotope is often used to date prehistoric fossils.
a.
calcium-40
b.
uranium-235
c.
oxygen-16
d.
carbon-14
Hint
15.
Rutherford's gold-foil experiment showed that the atomic nucleus is ________________.
a.
small, dense, and positive
b.
large
c.
small and negative
d.
large, light, and positive
Hint
16.
This color of light has the highest frequency of the visible electomagnetic spectrum.
a.
red
b.
green
c.
violet
d.
blue
Hint
17.
This atom is the standard for atomic masses.
a.
aluminum-27
b.
carbon-12
c.
uranium-238
d.
oxygen-16
Hint
18.
This subatomic particle has a mass of 1.01 u and a charge of zero.
a.
neutron
b.
electron
c.
proton
d.
positron
Hint
19.
Ne-21 is an _____________ of neon.
a.
atomic number
b.
isotope
c.
atomic mass
d.
allotrope
Hint
20.
An explanation based on many observations and supported by the results of many experiments is called a _____________.
a.
theory
b.
fact
c.
scientific law
d.
hypothesis
Hint
