Chapter 19:
The Chemistry of Life
Practice Test
1.
The sum of all the chemical reactions necessary for the life of an organism is its ____________.
a.
locomotion
b.
respiration
c.
metabolism
d.
digestion
Hint
2.
Lipids serve to store energy and ________________ in the body.
a.
form bones
b.
form membranes
c.
provide calcium
d.
digest carbohydrates
Hint
3.
______________ are made in specific organs of the body and travel through the bloodstream to communicate with cells in other locations.
a.
Hormones
b.
Nucleic acids
c.
Fats
d.
Vitamins
Hint
4.
The chemistry of living things is called _______________.
a.
biochemistry
b.
analytical chemistry
c.
inorganic chemistry
d.
organic chemistry
Hint
5.
Enzymes provide active sites where _____________ can bind.
a.
lactases
b.
substrates
c.
alkynes
d.
minerals
Hint
6.
Animals store energy in their livers and muscles as _____________.
a.
sucrose
b.
glycogen
c.
starch
d.
glucose
Hint
7.
DNA and RNA are the two kinds of ________________ found in cells.
a.
nucleic acids
b.
carbohydrates
c.
lipids
d.
steroids
Hint
8.
Adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, and uracil are five different _________________ found in nucleotides.
a.
nucleic acids
b.
nitrogen-containing bases
c.
phosphate groups
d.
sugars
Hint
9.
Cells store energy by forming this compound.
a.
sucrose
b.
acetone
c.
stearic acid
d.
ATP
Hint
10.
What functional groups are found in the vitamin C molecule?
a.
hydroxyl, ester, alkene
b.
amide, alkene, ether
c.
amine, ester, alcohol
d.
hydroxyl, alkyne, carbonyl
Hint
11.
Scurvy is a rare disease in developed countries today because fresh fruits and vegetables provide this essential nutrient.
a. vitamin C
b. iron
c. iodine
d. vitamin E
Hint
12.
These lipids include cholesterol, some sex hormones, and vitamin D.
a.
steroids
b.
oleic acids
c.
stearic acids
d.
sucrose polymers
Hint
13.
____________ was the first biomolecule synthesized outside of a living cell.
a.
benzene
b.
urea
c.
formaldehyde
d.
ethanol
Hint
14.
____________ are organic molecules that are required in small amounts in the diet.
a.
Lipids
b.
Proteins
c.
Vitamins
d.
Carbohydrates
Hint
15.
_____________ function as biological catalysts, make up your muscles and tendons, and help transport substances in your blood.
a.
Sugars
b.
Proteins
c.
Esters
d.
Carbohydrates
Hint
16.
An __________ atom is at the center of the hemoglobin molecule.
a.
nitrogen
b.
iron
c.
copper
d.
carbon
Hint
17.
The specific sequence of bases in an organism's DNA forms its ______________.
a.
genetic code
b.
RNA
c.
nucleus
d.
thymine
Hint
18.
Glucose, fructose, and ribose are _____________.
a.
disaccharides
b.
proteins
c.
monosaccharides
d.
polymers
Hint
19.
In this process, cells generate glucose anaerobically.
a.
oxidation
b.
glycolysis
c.
fermentation
d.
respiration
Hint
20.
Fatty acids bond to glycerol molecules to form _______________.
a.
proteins
b.
trigylcerides
c.
polysaccharides
d.
polypeptides
Hint
