Chapter 21:
Nuclear Chemistry
Practice Test
1.
This portable device detects radioactivity and contains a battery and a gas-filled cylinder.
a.
Geiger counter
b.
cyclotron
c.
film badge
d.
scintillation counter
Hint
2.
_________ absorb some neutrons in a fission reactor to maintain the rate of reaction.
a.
Control rods
b.
turbines
c.
Graphite blocks
d.
Cooling towers
Hint
3.
Exposure to ________________ can extend the shelf life of food.
a.
gamma radiation
b.
bacteria
c.
alpha particles
d.
heat
Hint
4.
_____________ produces a form of high-energy electromagnetic radiation.
a.
Beta decay
b.
Alpha decay
c.
Delta decay
d.
Gamma decay
Hint
5.
The products of the fusion reaction involving deuterium and tritium are a neutron and this particle.
a.
a U-235 nucleus
b.
an alpha particle
c.
a protium nucleus
d.
a beta particle
Hint
6.
____________ containing radioactive P-32 have been used to help clarify complex metabolic pathways.
a.
Protons
b.
Tracers
c.
U-235 atoms
d.
Fusion reactors
Hint
7.
Radioactivity is the spontaneous emission of radiation by a/an __________.
a. unstable atomic nucleus
b. stable electron
c. hydrogen bond
d. covalent bond
Hint
8.
2
1
H represents __________ .
a.
a protium nucleus
b.
an alpha particle
c.
a tritium nucleus
d.
a deuterium nucleus
Hint
9.
After a/an ________________ substance is exposed to light, it continues to give off the light it has absorbed.
a.
radioactive
b.
phosphorescent
c.
fluorescent
d.
organic
Hint
10.
These particles sustain a nuclear fission chain reaction.
a.
beta particles
b.
neutrons
c.
protons
d.
alpha particles
Hint
11.
Gamma radiation produced by cobalt-60 is often used to ________________.
a.
produce other radioisotopes
b.
conduct PET scans
c.
destroy cancerous cells
d.
diagnose cancer
Hint
12.
α is the nuclear symbol for ___________ .
a.
an alpha particle
b.
a beta particle
c.
a gamma ray
d.
a hydrogen nucleus
Hint
13.
Given that the half-life of carbon-14 is 5730 years, how old is a fossilized organism that contains 25.0% of the carbon-14 it did when it was alive?
a.
5730 y
b.
17 190 y
c.
22 920 y
d.
11 460 y
Hint
14.
This element accounts for most of the radiation to which people are exposed.
a.
phosphorus
b.
radon
c.
carbon
d.
hydrogen
Hint
15.
In Einstein's famous equation E = mc
2
, which relates energy and mass, c represents the ___________________.
a.
specific heat
b.
caloric content
c.
speed of sound
d.
speed of light
Hint
16.
In an ionizing smoke detector, smoke particles interfere with the flow of ions created by _____________ from americium-241.
a.
alpha particles
b.
gamma rays
c.
atoms
d.
electrons
Hint
17.
Two or more atomic nuclei combine to form a larger nucleus in this process.
a.
nuclear splitting
b.
nuclear fission
c.
nuclear fusion
d.
covalent bonding
Hint
18.
Pu-239 is used to fuel a type of nuclear fission reactor called a ________________.
a.
breeder reactor
b.
linear accelerator
c.
synchrotron
d.
fusion reactor
Hint
19.
What is the half life of carbon-14?
a.
8440 years
b.
6000 years
c.
5730 years
d.
4320 years
Hint
20.
The splitting of an atomic nucleus into two or more large fragments is called ________________.
a.
beta decay
b.
nuclear fission
c.
nuclear fusion
d.
alpha decay
Hint
