Section 10.2
Kinetic Energy and Changes of State
Practice Test
1.
At room temperature, gas particles move at roughly _____________ m/s.
a.
0.1 to 0.5
b.
1 to 2
c.
100 to 1000
d.
10 000
Hint
2.
Pressure is the __________ acting per unit area of a surface.
a.
force
b.
mass
c.
velocity
d.
momentum
Hint
3.
The _____________ of a material is a measure of the average kinetic energy of its particles.
a.
temperature
b.
mass
c.
volume
d.
rigidity
Hint
4.
A temperature of 0 K is known as _______________.
a.
absolute zero
b.
the freezing point of air
c.
the melting point of water
d.
0
o
C
Hint
5.
______ K = 100
o
C.
a.
373
b.
100
c.
273
d.
-460
Hint
6.
At the same temperature, the average speed of hydrogen molecules is _____________ that of chlorine molecules.
a.
about the same as
b.
much greater than
c.
much less than
d.
slightly less than
Hint
7.
The motions of particles cause them to spread out in a process known as ____________.
a.
aeration
b.
condensation
c.
diffusion
d.
evaporation
Hint
8.
________________ is the reverse of evaporation.
a.
Boiling
b.
Condensation
c.
Freezing
d.
Melting
Hint
9.
The pressure of a substance in equilibrium with its liquid is called its _________________.
a.
freezing point
b.
rate
c.
temperature
d.
vapor pressure
Hint
10.
At the same temperature, ethanol has _____________ vapor pressure than water.
a.
about the same
b.
a much higher
c.
a much lower
d.
a somewhat lower
Hint
11.
A state of ___________ is reached in a sealed container that contains significant amounts of both a liquid substance and its vapor.
a.
Equilibruim
b.
freezing
c.
elevation
d.
reaction
Hint
12.
The energy required to convert 1 kg of a liquid substance at its boiling point to 1 kg of gas, is called the substance's _________________.
a.
heat of vaporization
b.
sublimation point
c.
joule of heat
d.
energy of condensation
Hint
13.
The energy released as 1 kg of a substance _____________ at its freezing point is called its heat of fusion.
a.
evaporates
b.
freezes
c.
melts
d.
solidifies
Hint
14.
The temperature of a substance _________________ as its heat of fusion is added to melt it.
a.
decreases
b.
increases rapidly
c.
remains at 0 K
d.
remains relatively constant
Hint
15.
Because liquid molecules are much closer than gas molecules, liquids are much less ____________ than gases.
a.
compressible
b.
flexible
c.
massive
d.
lattice-like
Hint
16.
Increasing a liquid's temperature causes its vapor pressure to ___________.
a.
increase
b.
remain constant
c.
decrease
d.
change to solid
Hint
17.
At the same temperature, a steam burn may be more severe than a water burn because of water's high _______________________.
a.
density
b.
heat of vaporization
c.
mass
d.
polarity
Hint
18.
Which of the following is a vapor?
a.
helium
b.
hydrogen
c.
oxygen
d.
steam
Hint
