Section 18.1
Hydrocarbons
Practice Test
1.
Organic compounds include most compounds that contain the element _____________.
a.
carbon
b.
iodine
c.
nitrogen
d.
silicon
Hint
2.
Hydrocarbons in which all the carbon atoms are connected by single bonds are _______________.
a.
alkenes
b.
alkynes
c.
saturated hydrocarbons
d.
unsaturated hydrocarbons
Hint
3.
This alkane has the formula C
10
H
22
.
a.
decane
b.
ethane
c.
octane
d.
pentane
Hint
4.
The prefix "cyclo" indicates that a hydrocarbon contains a carbon ____________.
a.
carbon ring
b.
carbon chain
c.
carbon atom
d.
carbon branch
Hint
5.
The structure of 3-ethylpentane is best described as _____________________________.
a.
a five-carbon chain with a two-carbon attachment on the third carbon of the chain
b.
a three-carbon chain with a five-carbon attachment on the third carbon of the chain
c.
a five-carbon ring with a two-carbon attachment on the third carbon of the ring
d.
a five-carbon chain with a one-carbon attachment on the third carbon of the chain
Hint
6.
Alkanes with 20 or more carbon atoms are __________ at room temperature and pressure.
a.
fluids
b.
gases
c.
liquids
d.
solids
Hint
7.
An unsaturated hydrocarbon has one or more ______________carbon-carbon bonds.
a.
double
b.
double or triple
c.
single
d.
triple
Hint
8.
Which of these compounds may be an alkene?
a.
C
4
H
8
b.
C
2
H
6
c.
C
6
H
14
d.
C
22
H
46
Hint
9.
What is the name of the alkene with the formula CH
3
CH=CHCH
2
CH
3
?
a.
2-pentene
b.
hexene
c.
1-pentene
d.
2-methyl-1-butene
Hint
10.
Petroleum is separated into different mixtures of hydrocarbons, such as gasoline and kerosene, by ________________.
a.
chromatography
b.
electrolysis
c.
fractional distillation
d.
osmosis
Hint
11.
Large alkanes are converted into smaller, more useful alkanes and alkenes by a process known as ___________.
a.
combustion
b.
concentration
c.
condensation
d.
cracking
Hint
12.
What is the shape of the benzene molecule?
a.
hexagonal planar
b.
octahedral
c.
tetrahedral
d.
trigonal pyramidal
Hint
13.
The smallest cycloalkane has __________ carbon atoms.
a.
one
b.
two
c.
three
d.
six
Hint
14.
The structural formula -C=C- indicates a ___________ bond between the carbon atoms.
a.
single covalent
b.
single ionic
c.
double covalent
d.
double ionic
Hint
15.
How do structural isomers differ from stereoisomers?
a.
Structural isomers have different formulas; stereoisomers have the same formula.
b.
Stereoisomers have different chemical and physical properties; structural isomers have the same chemical and physical propeties.
c.
Structural isomers' atoms are bonded in the same order; stereoisomers' atoms are bonded in different orders.
d.
Structural isomers' atoms are bonded in different orders; stereoisomers' atoms are bonded in the same order.
Hint
16.
Hydrocarbons with __________ carbon atoms will be collected at the highest point on a fractionating tower.
a.
4
b.
8
c.
12
d.
20
Hint
