Matter and Atomic Structure
Practice Test
1.
According to the table, which material tested underwent a chemical change when vinegar was added?
Material Tested
Addition of Vinegar
Addition of Iodine
Heated with candle
Distilled water
No change
No change
Boiled
Cornstarch
No change
Turns blue
No change
Sugar
No change
No change
Melts
Baking soda
Fizzing takes place
No change
No change
Mystery mixture
Fizzing takes place
Turns blue
No change
a.
cornstarch
b.
sugar
c.
baking soda
d.
distilled water
2.
What determines the chemical behavior of an element?
a.
the number of energy levels
b.
its isotopes
c.
the size of the nucleus
d.
the valence electrons
3.
According to the symbols shown in the figure, in which state of matter do these elements occur?
a.
liquid
b.
solid
c.
plasma
d.
gas
4.
When a gas cools, it __________ thermal energy in the process of __________.
a.
gains, condensation
b.
releases, evaporation
c.
gains, sublimation
d.
releases, condensation
5.
Bases produce __________ in solution.
a.
oxygen ions
b.
helium ions
c.
hydroxide ions
d.
hydrogen ions
6.
Why does a water molecule have a bent shape?
a.
it's a compound
b.
it has ionic bonds
c.
it's a polar molecule
d.
because it occurs on Earth as a solid, liquid, and a gas
7.
A __________ is composed of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds.
a.
covalent bond
b.
a gas
c.
molecule
d.
ionic bond
8.
What process is labeled C in the figure?
a.
condensation
b.
sublimation
c.
evaporation
d.
melting
9.
The attraction of two atoms for a shared pair of electrons that hold the atoms together is called __________.
a.
an ionic bond
b.
a compound
c.
a chemical reaction
d.
a covalent bond
10.
What is a gas that is composed of positive ions and free electrons?
a.
neon
b.
a liquid
c.
a plasma
d.
hydrogen
11.
Isotopes have the same number of __________ but different numbers of __________.
a.
protons, neutrons
b.
neutrons, electrons
c.
neutrons, protons
d.
electrons, protons
12.
What do the nuclei of some isotopes release during radioactive decay?
a.
radiation
b.
valence electrons
c.
lead
d.
their nuclei
13.
What is a solid that has particles arranged in regular geometric patterns?
a.
a covalent bond
b.
a gas
c.
an iconic compound
d.
a crystalline structure
14.
What is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances with all the characteristics of the substance?
a.
matter
b.
a solid
c.
a gas
d.
an element
