Matter and Atomic Structure

Practice Test
      
  1.What is the general composition of Earth's oceanic crust?  
  a.   shale  
  b.   basalt  
  c.   gneiss  
  d.   granite  
      
  2.How are depressions represented on a topographic map?  
  a.   with a benchmark  
  b.   with a circular symbol  
  c.   with red contour lines  
  d.   with a contour line with hachures  
      
  3.If you travel west across the International Date Line you would move your calendar __________.  
  a.   forward 12 h  
  b.   backwards one day  
  c.   backwards 2 days  
  d.   forward one day  
      
  4.What is 0° longitude called?  
  a.   the prime meridian  
  b.   the equator  
  c.   the tropic of Capricorn  
  d.   the International Date Line  
      
  5.What part of an experiment is used to show that results are due to the condition being tested?  
  a.   hypothesis  
  b.   independent variable  
  c.   dependent variable  
  d.   control  
      
  6.What is an example of an SI unit of area?  
  a.   cm  
  b.   g/mL  
  c.   cm3  
  d.   m2  
      
  7.How does a Landsat satellite differentiate between objects on Earth's surface?  
  a.   Landsat uses a single detector to measure the intensities of energy.  
  b.   Landsat satellites take pictures using visible light.  
  c.   Features on Earth radiate warmth at different frequencies, which show up as different colors on Landsat images.  
  d.   Landsat measures the longest frequencies of electromagnetic radiation from Earth.  
      
  8.Isotopes have the same number of __________ but different numbers of __________.  
  a.   electrons, protons  
  b.   neutrons, protons  
  c.   protons, neutrons  
  d.   neutrons, electrons  
      
  9.The __________ includes organisms living on Earth and their environments.  
  a.   biosphere  
  b.   lithosphere  
  c.   hydrosphere  
  d.   atmosphere  
      
  10.Which of the following is not a specialized area of Earth science.  
  a.   meteorology  
  b.   biology  
  c.   astronomy  
  d.   geology  
      
  11.An Mg +2 particle has __________ electrons.  
  a.   lost two  
  b.   gained one  
  c.   lost four  
  d.   gained two  
      
  12.What is a gas that is composed of positive ions and free electrons?  
  a.   hydrogen  
  b.   a plasma  
  c.   neon  
  d.   a liquid  
      
  13.1:24 000 is an example of a __________.  
  a.   fractional scale  
  b.   map projection  
  c.   verbal scale  
  d.   graphic scale  
      
  14.What particle(s) make up the nucleus of an atom?  
  a.   neutrons and electrons  
  b.   protons only  
  c.   electrons only  
  d.   protons and neutrons  
      
  15.What is the standard SI unit of weight?  
  a.   newton  
  b.   gram  
  c.   ounce  
  d.   pound  
      
  16.What determines the chemical behavior of an element?  
  a.   the valence electrons  
  b.   the size of the nucleus  
  c.   its isotopes  
  d.   the number of energy levels  
      
  17.What is the definition of cartography?  
  a.   the use of road maps  
  b.   the science of mapmaking  
  c.   the use of satellites to make topographic maps  
  d.   the use of computers to make maps  
      
  18.What is an ion?  
  a.   a charged particle  
  b.   an isotope  
  c.   a molecule  
  d.   a gas  
      
  19.What is the dependent variable in the graph in Figure 3?

Time (s) 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Mass of product (g) 1.5 3.2 4.3 6.0 7.7 9.2 10.4 12.1


 
  a.   weight  
  b.   product versus time  
  c.   mass  
  d.   time  
      
  20.When a gas cools, it __________ thermal energy in the process of __________.  
  a.   gains, sublimation  
  b.   gains, condensation  
  c.   releases, condensation  
  d.   releases, evaporation  
      
  21.A __________ projection is made by projecting points and lines from a globe onto a piece of paper that touches the globe at one point.  
  a.   shadow  
  b.   conic  
  c.   Mercator  
  d.   gnomonic  
      
  22.How many satellites are in the GPS?  
  a.   6  
  b.   50  
  c.   24  
  d.   4  
      
  23.What explains the behavior of natural phenomena?  
  a.   experiments  
  b.   theories  
  c.   scientific laws  
  d.   dependent variables  
      
  24.Bases produce __________ in solution.  
  a.   helium ions  
  b.   hydroxide ions  
  c.   oxygen ions  
  d.   hydrogen ions  
      
  25.What is the electromagnetic spectrum?  
  a.   the arrangement of electromagnetic radiation  
  b.   visible light  
  c.   energy emitted from Earth  
  d.   frequencies measured by satellites  
      
  26.What is a solid that has particles arranged in regular geometric patterns?  
  a.   a gas  
  b.   an iconic compound  
  c.   a crystalline structure  
  d.   a covalent bond  
      
  27.What is the best method to show a change in volume over time?  
  a.   graph  
  b.   theory  
  c.   model  
  d.   law  

 
   
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