Sedimentary and Metamorphic Rocks
Practice Test
1.
Which rock shown in the figure cooled the fastest?
a.
fine-grained
b.
coarse-grained
c.
glassy
d.
porphorytic
2.
What process is labeled C in the figure?
a.
sublimation
b.
melting
c.
evaporation
d.
condensation
3.
The grains of a breccia most likely traveled __________ than the grains in a conglomerate.
a.
a farther distance
b.
a different distance
c.
the same distance
d.
a shorter distance
4.
When are sediments transported by a river deposited?
a.
when the discharge of a river is increased
b.
when the river gains velocity
c.
when the river is transporting too much sediment
d.
when the velocity of the river slows down
5.
The number of protons in an atom's nucleus is the __________.
a.
radioactivity number
b.
atomic number
c.
mass number
d.
isotopic number
6.
Extrusive rocks have fine-grained textures because __________.
a.
they cooled inside Earth's crust
b.
they cooled quickly
c.
they are derived from volcanoes
d.
they cooled slow
7.
What determines the chemical behavior of an element?
a.
the number of energy levels
b.
the valence electrons
c.
the size of the nucleus
d.
its isotopes
8.
Dissolution is an example of __________.
a.
physical weathering
b.
erosion
c.
chemical weathering
d.
limestone
9.
Which of the minerals listed in the table has the greatest density?
Mineral
Specific Gravity
Chemical Formula
Breakage Pattern
Gold
19.3
Au
Hackly
Apatite
5
Ca
5
(PO
4
)
3
(F,OH,CL)
Uneven fracture
Pyrite
5.2
FeS
2
Uneven fracture
Garnet
3.5- 4.3
(Mg,Fe,Ca)
3
(Al
2
Si
3
O
12
)
Conchodial fracture
Beryl
2.75
Be
3
Al
2
Si
6
O
8
Uneven fracture
Corundumm
4
Al
2
O
3
Fracture
a.
pyrite
b.
beryl
c.
garnet
d.
corundum
10.
What do different grades of metamorphic rocks reflect?
a.
relative amount of temperature and cementation
b.
relative amount of compaction
c.
relative amount pressure and temperature
d.
relative amount of pressure only
11.
An Mg +2 particle has __________ electrons.
a.
gained two
b.
gained one
c.
lost four
d.
lost two
12.
An igneous rock with two distinct grain sizes has a __________ texture.
a.
fine-grained
b.
felsic
c.
porphyritic
d.
coarse-grained
13.
What happens to calcium carbonate when it is exposed to hydrochloric acid?
a.
It breaks.
b.
It turns color.
c.
It looses luster.
d.
It fizzes.
14.
Why are sedimentary rocks important?
a.
They contain gemstones of high value.
b.
They provide many natural resources and evidence of Earth's past.
c.
They contain fossils.
d.
They provide building stones.
15.
What is the general composition of Earth's oceanic crust?
a.
granite
b.
basalt
c.
gneiss
d.
shale
16.
When a gas cools, it __________ thermal energy in the process of __________.
a.
gains, sublimation
b.
releases, evaporation
c.
gains, condensation
d.
releases, condensation
17.
What part of Earth is thought to be composed of iron and nickel?
a.
the hydrosphere
b.
the core
c.
the lithosphere
d.
the asthenosphere
18.
__________ metamorphic rocks are formed at high temperatures and medium to low pressures.
a.
Contact
b.
Low-grade
c.
Hydrothermal
d.
Regional
19.
How many meters are in 1 km?
a.
10 m
b.
1000 m
c.
1/1000 m
d.
1/100 m
20.
Peridotite and dunite have __________ compositions.
a.
intermediate
b.
ultramafic
c.
mafic
d.
felsic
21.
What makes an element stable?
a.
if its nucleus is packed tightly
b.
if it has the same number of neutrons and protons
c.
if it has a covalent bond
d.
if its outermost energy level is full
22.
What is an example of an SI unit of area?
a.
m
2
b.
g/mL
c.
cm
3
d.
cm
