Groundwater
Practice Test
1.
The renewed downcutting of a streambed is called __________.
a.
eutrophication
b.
rejuvenation
c.
erosion
d.
deposition
2.
What type of projection is best for mapping small areas or weather maps?
a.
conic projection
b.
Mercator projection
c.
gnomonic projection
d.
a topographic map
3.
What process adds oxygen to a lake?
a.
photosynthesis of plants
b.
decay of animals
c.
decay of plants
d.
breathing of animals
4.
What is water called when it has a high concentration of iron, magnesium, or calcium?
a.
hard
b.
a lake
c.
soft
d.
groundwater
5.
The graph shows the discharge of a river flowing through two cities. A discharge of 3.5 thousand cubic meters per second or more will cause the river to flood. Which city saw more flooding in March 1999?
a.
Wet Gulch
b.
Frankston
c.
neither one flooded
d.
They both saw the same amount.
6.
The repeated thawing and freezing of water in the cracks of rocks is called __________.
a.
chemical weathering
b.
exfoliation
c.
frost pressure
d.
frost wedging
7.
Which of the sand dunes in the figure accumulates in areas with very little sand?
a.
c
b.
a
c.
b
d.
d
8.
Physical weathering rates are highest in areas with __________.
a.
repeated freezing and thawing
b.
cool and dry climates
c.
warm and wet climates
d.
warm and dry climates
9.
How are caves formed?
a.
dissolution and precipitation of limestone
b.
permeability of water through fine-grained materials
c.
uplift of limestone rocks
d.
porosity of sandstone and limestone
10.
The depth of the water table below the surface of land __________.
a.
is deep below a lake or river
b.
is always found at a depth of 3 m
c.
varies depending on local conditions
d.
is above the surface of a swamp
11.
Look at the data in the graph, showing how the water quality has changed in Lake Smith over forty years. What is the most likely explanation for this trend?
1950
1955
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
Dissolved oxygen
(parts per million or ppm)
20
19
18
18
16
17
15
11
9
pH
7.6
7.2
7.1
7.0
6.8
6.8
6.5
6.1
5.8
Phosphate (ppm)
0.0
0.10
0.20
0.25
0.28
0.28
0.45
0.55
0.55
Nitrogen (ppm)
0.05
0.18
0.19
0.25
0.28
0.28
0.35
0.40
0.45
Largemouth bass
450
455
448
338
235
220
155
125
50
Mosses and grasses
0
0
2
5
15
18
29
35
55
a.
The dropping pH levels indicate that acid rain has been plaguing the region.
b.
Higher phosphate and nitrogen levels suggest it was damaged by fertilizers.
c.
Lower oxygen levels indicate that too many fish were living in the lake.
d.
The falling population of largemouth bass indicate that too much fishing has occurred on this lake.
12.
According to the figure, where might pollution come from to contaminate Well 1?
a.
a neighbor's sewage
b.
your sewage
c.
industrial waste
d.
factory
13.
What confines the water of a stream?
a.
headwater
b.
stream banks
c.
meander
d.
delta
14.
The lowering of the land surface due to wind removing particles is called __________.
a.
saltation
b.
erosion
c.
abrasion
d.
deflation
15.
Soil can hold water because of its __________.
a.
poorly sorted material
b.
permeability
c.
well-sorted material
d.
porosity
16.
The process of water being added to the water table from precipitation is called __________.
a.
drawdown
b.
condensation
c.
recharge
d.
creating a cone of depression
17.
How can a watershed's water quality be measured?
a.
measuring the water temperature
b.
measuring the concentration of material in solution
c.
measuring the average stream velocity
d.
measuring the erosion
18.
The type of projection shown in the Figure is best suited for what kind of map?
a.
a world map
b.
a navigational map
c.
a road map
d.
a topographic map
19.
Which type of soil has a high level of salt and can support only limited vegetation?
a.
a polar soil
b.
a desert soil
c.
a temperate soil
d.
a tropical soil
20.
Soil that has been moved to a location away from its parent rock is called __________.
a.
soil profile
b.
organic-rich soil
c.
residual soil
d.
transported soil
