Earthquakes
Practice Test
1.
The __________ side of a dune is called the __________ side and is located on the side from which the wind blows.
a.
steep-sloped, windward
b.
gentle-sloped, leeward
c.
gentle-sloped, windward
d.
steep-sloped, leeward
2.
What is the electromagnetic spectrum?
a.
the arrangement of electromagnetic radiation
b.
visible light
c.
energy emitted from Earth
d.
frequencies measured by satellites
3.
A large ocean wave that is generated by vertical motions of the seafloor during an earthquake is called a(n) __________.
a.
tsunami
b.
upwelling current
c.
seiche
d.
tidal range
4.
How are the convection currents set in motion?
a.
spreading mid-ocean ridges
b.
the heat from radioactive decay
c.
slab push
d.
slab push and ridge pull
5.
What is a pyroclastic flow?
a.
poisonous gas of a volcano
b.
a mixture of volcanic gas, ash, and other tephra
c.
lava that hardens into a batholith
d.
when lava comes out of a volcanic vent
6.
How are submarine canyons formed?
a.
runoff
b.
turbidity currents
c.
rivers
d.
longshore current
7.
What is the process called when one plate is forced beneath another at a convergent plate boundary?
a.
subtraction
b.
transformation
c.
convergence
d.
subduction
8.
What is the study of earthquakes called?
a.
sedimentology
b.
cartography
c.
seismology
d.
geology
9.
What is a rating for an earthquake from the modified Mercalli scale based on?
a.
amount of damage
b.
its P-wave
c.
frequency of the waves
d.
amplitude of the largest wave
10.
What is the probability of earthquake occurrence based on?
a.
reoccurrence rates of earthquakes in an area and the rate of strain buildup
b.
location of foci
c.
magnitude of P-waves
d.
strain buildup only
11.
__________ push and pull rocks in the same direction along which the waves are traveling.
a.
Primary waves
b.
Surface waves
c.
Secondary waves
d.
Shear waves
12.
Which waves are called body waves?
a.
surface waves only
b.
surface waves and S-waves
c.
P-waves and S-waves
d.
P-waves and surface waves
13.
The __________ states that Earth's crust and ridged upper mantle are broken into plates that move at different rates and in different directions.
a.
hypothesis of continental drift
b.
theory of plate tectonics
c.
theory of seafloor spreading
d.
hypothesis of continental movement
14.
The process of collecting data far above Earth's surface is called __________.
a.
topographic studies
b.
mapmaking
c.
remote sensing
d.
electromagnetic sensing
15.
What is a rating from the Richter scale based on?
a.
size of the largest wave
b.
wavelength of the waves
c.
frequency of the waves
d.
damage from the largest wave
16.
Which type of stress pulls a material apart?
a.
compression
b.
tension
c.
shear
d.
strain
17.
How deep is the deepest place in the ocean?
a.
20 km
b.
2 km
c.
11 km
d.
100 km
18.
How is a volcanic crater connected to a magma chamber?
a.
by a sill
b.
by a hot spot
c.
by tephra
d.
by a vent
19.
How are dunes classified?
a.
type of particles
b.
climate of location
c.
shape
d.
side
20.
What is thought to be the driving mechanism of plate movement?
a.
conduction of heat in the mantle
b.
convection currents in the mantle
c.
volcanoes
d.
continental drifting
