Ionic Compounds
Practice Test
1.
Which of these is the electron configuration of an atom most likely to gain an electron?
a.
1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
5
b.
1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
1
c.
1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
4s
1
d.
1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
2.
Which elements can either gain or lose electrons to form stable octets?
a.
transition metals
b.
metalloids
c.
metals
d.
nonmetals
3.
If tungsten were not available for use in a lightbulb filament, which of the elements in the table would be the best choice for a substitute?
Melting Points and Boiling Points of Some Metals
Element
Melting point (°C)
Boiling point (°C)
Lithium
180
1347
Tin
232
2623
Aluminum
660
2467
Barium
727
1850
Silver
961
2155
Copper
1083
2570
a.
lithium
b.
aluminum
c.
copper
d.
barium
4.
Sulfate (SO
4
2-
) is a ____________.
a.
monatomic cation
b.
polyatomic cation
c.
polyatomic anion
d.
monatomic anion
5.
Which of the following lattice energies represents the strongest force of attraction holding the ions in place?
Lattice Energies of Some Ionic Compounds
Compound
Lattice energy
Compound
Lattice energy
KI
632
KF
808
KBr
671
AgCl
910
RbF
774
NaF
910
NaI
682
LiF
1030
NaBr
732
SrCl2
2142
NaCl
769
MgO
3795
a.
-910
b.
-769
c.
-2142
d.
-632
6.
Why is the calcium ion (Ca
2+
) more stable than the calcium atom (Ca)?
a.
Twenty electrons are more stable than eighteen electrons.
b.
Eighteen electrons are less stable than twenty electrons.
c.
The noble gas configuration is more stable.
d.
The two electrons more than the noble gas configuration is more stable.
7.
What is a negatively charged ion called?
a.
anion
b.
nucleus
c.
cation
d.
molecule
8.
A positive ion forms when ___________.
a.
an atom gains one or more valence electrons
b.
an atom loses one or more valence electrons
c.
electrons are pushed out of the nucleus
d.
electrons are pulled into the nucleus
9.
What is the charge on a monatomic ion?
a.
reduction number
b.
mass number
c.
oxidation number
d.
Avogadros number
10.
Which one of the following classifications of ions in the table contains an error?
Hydroxide
OH
-
monatomic
anion
carbonate
CO
3
2-
polyatomic
anion
ammonium
NH
4+
polyatomic
cation
magnesium
Mg
2+
monatomic
cation
a.
carbonate
b.
magnesium
c.
ammonium
d.
hydroxide
11.
Which ion has the electron configuration 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
?
a.
F
-
b.
H
+
c.
Cl
-
d.
Br
-
12.
What is the name given to the energy required to separate one mole of the ions of an ionic compound?
a.
heat energy
b.
lattice energy
c.
potential energy
d.
kinetic energy
13.
Whichof the following is a mixture of elements that has metallic properties?
a.
an alloy
b.
a suspension
c.
a pure metal
d.
a gas
14.
What is the name given to the simplest ratio of ions in an ionic compound?
a.
mole
b.
empirical formula
c.
formula unit
d.
monatomic ion
15.
How are ionic bonds formed?
a.
sharing of electrons between atoms
b.
gain of electrons by atoms
c.
loss of electrons by atoms
d.
electrostatic forces between ions
16.
Why are metals described as having a "sea of electrons"?
a.
The electrons are wet.
b.
The electrons move in waves.
c.
The electrons are free to move between the atoms in a metal.
d.
The electrons are fixed to a particular metal atom.
17.
An ionic compound that will conduct an electric current when it forms an aqueous solution is a(n) _________.
a.
molecular compound
b.
electrolyte
c.
nonelectrolyte
d.
crystal lattice
18.
What is the formula for ammonium bromide?
a.
(NH
4
)
2
Br
b.
NH
4
Br
c.
NH
4
Br
2
d.
NH
3
Br
19.
Which of the following is a correct description of a metallic property?
a.
Metals have a dull appearance.
b.
Metals gain electrons to form anions.
c.
Metals are brittle.
d.
Metals are malleable.
