Chemistry in the Environment
Practice Test
1.
What is the name given to a solid inorganic, compound found in nature?
a.
vitamin
b.
solution
c.
precipitation
d.
mineral
2.
__________ use the greatest percentage of freshwater in the United States.
a.
Industries
b.
Governments
c.
Residents
d.
Farms
3.
Which of following is the blanket of pollution that is formed when sunlight reacts with chemicals in the air?
a.
rain
b.
smog
c.
ozone
d.
chlorofluorocarbons
4.
What atoms make up ozone?
a.
two oxygen atoms and one nitrogen atom
b.
two oxygen atoms
c.
three oxygen atoms
d.
two nitrogen atoms
5.
What are the two most common acid components of acid rain?
a.
sulfuric acid and carbonic acid
b.
nitric acid and sulfuric acid
c.
nitric acid and phosphoric acid
d.
nitric acid and carbonic acid
6.
__________ is difficult to remove from sewage and wastewater and contributes to bacterial and algal overgrowth in freshwater.
a.
lead
b.
carbon
c.
nitrogen
d.
oxygen
7.
What chemicals are used by plants to make carbohydrates during photosynthesis?
a.
water and calcium carbonate
b.
carbon dioxide and calcium carbonate
c.
carbon dioxide and water
d.
carbon dioxide and nitrogen
8.
When an increase in greenhouse gases leads to an increase in the temperature over all of Earth, a specific condition occurs. What is the common name for this condition?
a.
global warming
b.
ozone hole
c.
carbon cycle
d.
photosynthesis
9.
What is the solid part of Earth’s crust called?
a.
lithosphere
b.
hydrosphere
c.
troposphere
d.
atmosphere
10.
The two routes for nitrogen fixation in nature are __________.
a.
lightning and ozone formation
b.
lightning and ultraviolet radiation
c.
bacteria and the water cycle
d.
bacteria and lightning
11.
Nitrogen is oxidized in the atmosphere and in the soil by nitrogen-fixing bacteria. What is the most oxidized form of nitrogen?
a.
nitrogen dioxide
b.
nitrate
c.
nitrogen monoxide
d.
ammonia
12.
Which part of the atmosphere contains the ozone layer?
a.
mesosphere
b.
stratosphere
c.
troposphere
d.
thermosphere
13.
What term is used to describe a metal-containing mineral that can be processed for a reasonable profit?
a.
crust
b.
gangue
c.
slag
d.
ore
14.
Seawater is desalinated commercially in some areas of the world by _____________.
a.
distillation
b.
precipitation
c.
reverse osmosis
d.
adsorption
15.
What chemical is used to kill any microorganisms that may have remained in the water after the initial cleanup?
a.
alum
b.
lime
c.
chlorine
d.
silicon dioxide
16.
The photodissociation of diatomic oxygen in the atmosphere produces ___________.
a.
O
b.
oxygen and electrons
c.
2O
d.
ozone
17.
Which of the following resulted in Earth's core becoming more dense than its crust?
a.
rapid heating
b.
gravity
c.
high electronegativity
d.
oxygenation
18.
Although nitrogen gas cannot be used by plants, it can be converted into forms that plants can use. What process converts nitrogen gas into this more useful form?
a.
photosynthesis
b.
nitrogen fixation
c.
global warming
d.
precipitation
19.
What term is used to describe all the water on Earth’s surface?
a.
oceans
b.
aquifer
c.
hydrosphere
d.
troposphere
20.
What is the most abundant element in Earth’s crust?
a.
sodium
b.
carbon
c.
oxygen
d.
nitrogen
