The Chemistry of Life
Practice Test
1.
An organic compound that contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms is a(n) ______________.
a.
carboxylic acid
b.
alkane
c.
alcohol
d.
ether
2.
What is the principle function of DNA?
a.
causes molecules to transfer from one place in the body to another
b.
stores genetic information
c.
sends messages to different parts of the body
d.
stores energy for later use
3.
The carbonyl group is a(n) _______________.
a.
carbon single bonded to an oxygen
b.
carbon triple bonded to an oxygen
c.
oxygen single bonded to another oxygen
d.
carbon double bonded to an oxygen
4.
What is the difference between an alkyl halide and and aryl halide?
a.
Alkyl halides contain double bonds; aryl halides do not.
b.
An alkyl halide contains a halogen atom bonded to an aromatic group; an aryl halide contains a halogen bonded to an aliphatic carbon atom.
c.
An alkyl halide contains a halogen atom bonded to an aliphatic carbon atom; an aryl halide contains a halogen bonded to an aromatic group.
d.
Alkyl halides contain functinal groups; aryl halides do not.
5.
What is the product of an endothermic reaction in which an inorganic phosphate group is added to adenosine diphosphate?
a.
ATP
b.
lactic acid
c.
ADP
d.
glucose
6.
What functional groups characterize carbohydrates?
a.
multiple carbonyl and one hydroxyl
b.
multiple hydroxyl and one carbonyl
c.
multiple carboxyl and one hydroxyl
d.
multiple carbonyl and multiple hydroxyl
7.
What type of chemical functional group is made when a peptide bond is formed?
a.
amide
b.
amine
c.
ester
d.
carbonyl
8.
Large biological molecules that are nonpolar belong to a class of molecules called _________.
a.
proteins
b.
carbohydrates
c.
enzymes
d.
lipids
9.
In a substituted alkane that has a bromine atom and an iodine atom as functional groups, which functional group is named first?
a.
Iodine is named before bromine.
b.
Bromine is named before iodine.
c.
Bromine is the only functional group named.
d.
Iodine is the only functional group named.
10.
The myriad set of chemical reactions that take place in the body so that cells can function is __________________.
a.
catabolism
b.
cannibalism
c.
anabolism
d.
metabolism
11.
The primary function of these two polysaccharides is to store energy.
a.
fructose and sucrose
b.
glucose and cellulose
c.
glucose and starch
d.
starch and glycogen
12.
What is the name of the process in which a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol producing an ester and releasing water?
a.
hydration
b.
condensation
c.
halogenation
d.
hydroxylation
13.
How many different amino acids are commonly found in living things?
a.
20
b.
10
c.
15
d.
30
14.
What is the name of the two-carbon, substituted alkane containing two hydroxyl groups?
a.
ethanediol
b.
cycloethanol
c.
ethanetriol
d.
ethanol
15.
What is the product of the addition polymerization of ethene?
a.
PVC
b.
nylon
c.
Kevlar
d.
polyethylene
16.
Steroids are a type of lipid. What is the structure of a steroid?
a.
The structure is composed entirely of water—soluble molecules.
b.
The structure has many fatty acids.
c.
The structure uses peptide bonds.
d.
The basic structure is composed of four rings.
17.
DNA is a molecule made of two long chains of nucleotides that are arranged in a distinctive, three-dimensional physical structure. What is this three-dimensional structure?
a.
a pleated sheet
b.
a spherical macromolecule
c.
a double helix
d.
a single helix
18.
The formation of an alkane from an alkene is known as a(n) ____________ reaction.
a.
elimination
b.
condensation
c.
halogenation
d.
addition
19.
The formation of an alkene from an alkane is known as a(n) _____________ reaction.
a.
halogenation
b.
condensation
c.
elimination
d.
addition
