The Chemistry of Life
Practice Test
1.
Large biological molecules that are nonpolar belong to a class of molecules called _________.
a.
enzymes
b.
carbohydrates
c.
proteins
d.
lipids
2.
________________ are the building blocks of lipids.
a.
Polysaccharides
b.
Polymers
c.
Carbohydrates
d.
Fatty acids
3.
The general formula for an amine is __________.
a.
ROH
b.
ROR'
c.
RX
d.
RNH
2
4.
In a substituted alkane that has a bromine atom and an iodine atom as functional groups, which functional group is named first?
a.
Bromine is the only functional group named.
b.
Bromine is named before iodine.
c.
Iodine is the only functional group named.
d.
Iodine is named before bromine.
5.
What is the name of the polysaccharide that cannot be digested by humans and provides dietary fiber?
a.
amylose
b.
cellulose
c.
starch
d.
glycogen
6.
What functional groups characterize carbohydrates?
a.
multiple carboxyl and one hydroxyl
b.
multiple carbonyl and one hydroxyl
c.
multiple carbonyl and multiple hydroxyl
d.
multiple hydroxyl and one carbonyl
7.
DNA is a molecule made of two long chains of nucleotides that are arranged in a distinctive, three-dimensional physical structure. What is this three-dimensional structure?
a.
a pleated sheet
b.
a double helix
c.
a spherical macromolecule
d.
a single helix
8.
An organic compound that contains a carboxyl group with the hydrogen replaced with an alkyl group is known as a(n) _______________.
a.
aldehyde
b.
carboxylic acid
c.
ester
d.
ether
9.
The carbonyl group is a(n) _______________.
a.
oxygen single bonded to another oxygen
b.
carbon triple bonded to an oxygen
c.
carbon double bonded to an oxygen
d.
carbon single bonded to an oxygen
10.
The oxidation of 2用ropanol will produce ______________.
a.
2用ropanal
b.
2用ropanone
c.
2用ropanoic acid
d.
2用ropanol
11.
How many different amino acids are commonly found in living things?
a.
10
b.
20
c.
15
d.
30
12.
. Nucleic acids are made of nucleotides. There are three components to a nucleotide. Which of the following correctly identifies those three parts?
a.
nitrogen base, phosphate, and a six-carbon sugar
b.
nitrogen base, a protein, and a five-carbon sugar
c.
hydroxyl base, phosphate, and a five-carbon sugar
d.
nitrogen base, phosphate, and a five-carbon sugar
13.
The functional group for an alcohol is ________________.
a.
-NH
2
b.
-OH
c.
-Cl
d.
-COOH
14.
What is the product of an endothermic reaction in which an inorganic phosphate group is added to adenosine diphosphate?
a.
ATP
b.
lactic acid
c.
glucose
d.
ADP
15.
When chlorine is added to an alkane, what name is used to identify that chlorine is present in the molecule?
a.
chlorine
b.
chloride
c.
chloro
d.
Chlorine is never named in organic molecules.
16.
What is the name given to a series of amino acids that are linked by peptide bonds?
a.
ester
b.
carbohydrate
c.
protein
d.
lipid
17.
What is the product of the addition polymerization of ethene?
a.
polyethylene
b.
PVC
c.
Kevlar
d.
nylon
18.
The myriad set of chemical reactions that take place in the body so that cells can function is __________________.
a.
metabolism
b.
catabolism
c.
anabolism
d.
cannibalism
19.
The formation of polyethylene from ethene is an example of a(n) ____________ polymerization reaction.
a.
addition
b.
condensation
c.
halogenation
d.
elimination
