Chemistry in the Environment
Practice Test
1.
What relationship is demonstrated by the expansion of a gas—filled balloon when it is heated?
a.
Boyle’s law
b.
Charles’s law
c.
Avogadro’s number
d.
Gay-Lussac’s law
2.
In the laboratory, long hair can be a(n) ______________.
a.
fire hazard
b.
distraction
c.
chemical hazard
d.
eye hazard
3.
How is the slope of a linear graph calculated?
a.
slope = (x
2
– x
1
) / 100
b.
slope = (y
2
– y
1
) x 100
c.
slope = (y
2
– y
1
) / (x
2
– x
1
)
d.
slope = (x
2
– x
1
) / (y
2
– y
1
)
4.
What is the oxidation number of O in Na
2
SO
4
?
a.
6
b.
+2
c.
-2
d.
1
5.
The atomic radius generally _______________ on the periodic table.
a.
increases from bottom to top and from left to right
b.
increases bottom to top and from right to left
c.
increases from top to bottom and from left to right
d.
increases from top to bottom and from right to left
6.
A sample of helium occupies 2.20 L at 1.0 atm. What is the volume at 1.5 atm?
a.
1.0 L
b.
0.68 L
c.
2.20 L
d.
1.5 L
7.
Oxidation is __________.
a.
the gain of electrons and an increase in charge
b.
the gain of electrons and a decrease in charge
c.
the loss of electrons and a decrease in charge
d.
the loss of electrons and an increase in charge
8.
Although nitrogen gas cannot be used by plants, it can be converted into forms that plants can use. What process converts nitrogen gas into this more useful form?
a.
photosynthesis
b.
precipitation
c.
nitrogen fixation
d.
global warming
9.
What is the solid part of Earth’s crust called?
a.
lithosphere
b.
hydrosphere
c.
troposphere
d.
atmosphere
10.
What is the name given to research that is undertaken to solve a specific problem?
a.
theoretical research
b.
technology
c.
applied research
d.
pure research
11.
Which gas is present in the highest concentration in the atmosphere?
a.
argon
b.
oxygen
c.
carbon dioxide
d.
nitrogen
12.
Elements in the d block are also known as _______________.
a.
lanthanide metals
b.
alkaline earth metals
c.
transition metals
d.
alkali metals
13.
Which of the following is an ion?
a.
lithium-3
b.
HCl
c.
C
d.
O
2-
14.
__________ use the greatest percentage of freshwater in the United States.
a.
Governments
b.
Industries
c.
Residents
d.
Farms
15.
Why are both hydrogen and cesium s-block elements, when hydrogen has one electron and cesium has 55?
a.
The s-block includes only the most reactive elements.
b.
Blocks of elements on the periodic table are based only on an element's valence electrons.
c.
All blocks contain at least one element from each period.
d.
They have identical electron configurations.
16.
What percentage of the hydrosphere is actually liquid freshwater?
a.
2.10%
b.
0.60%
c.
97%
d.
72%
17.
Acid rain chemically reacts with calcium carbonate, the major component of limestone and marble, which are used to make buildings and statues. What are the chemical products formed when calcium carbonate reacts with nitric acid?
a.
carbonic acid and calcium hydroxide
b.
calcium carbonate and nitric acid
c.
carbon dioxide, water, and calcium nitrate
d.
nitrous oxide and calcium hydroxide
18.
What is the natural warming of Earth’s surface that occurs when certain gases in the atmosphere absorb heat?
a.
greenhouse effect
b.
vulcanism
c.
carbon cycle
d.
photosynthesis
19.
The representation of data on graph that resembles a pizza is a _________.
a.
circle graph
b.
line graph
c.
inverse
d.
bar graph
20.
What term is used to describe a metal-containing mineral that can be processed for a reasonable profit?
a.
slag
b.
ore
c.
crust
d.
gangue
