Section 12.2
Changes of State and the Laws of Thermodynamics
Practice Test
1.
Heat spontaneously flowing from a cold body to a hot body violates the __________.
a.
kinetic-molecular law
b.
second law of thermodynamics
c.
law of conservation of energy
d.
first law of thermodynamics
Hint
2.
Which is an example of a heat engine?
a.
automobile engine
b.
windmill
c.
solar panels
d.
volcano
Hint
3.
Which of the following processes is NOT like the dye spreading through the beaker in Figure 12-15?
a.
Shortly after your mother puts cookies in the oven to bake you can smell them in your bedroom.
b.
You use the vacuum cleaner to suck the dirt out of the carpet.
c.
Dandilion seeds spread from one yard into several others.
d.
At a restaurant, you notice smoke in the air from the cigarette of a person several tables away.
Hint
4.
The thermal energy needed to boil a liquid is the heat of __________.
a.
vaporization
b.
fusion
c.
condensation
d.
specific
Hint
5.
A perpetual motion machine violates which law?
a.
third law of thermodynamics
b.
first law of thermodynamics
c.
first law of gravity
d.
third law of conservation
Hint
6.
Friction that you feel when you rub your hands together was changed from __________ to heat.
a.
thermal energy
b.
sound energy
c.
nuclear energy
d.
kinetic energy
Hint
7.
The first law of thermodynamics is a restatement of which law?
a.
conservation of energy
b.
gravity
c.
kinetic-molecular law
d.
second law of thermodynamics
Hint
8.
The average kinetic energy of ice particles__________ as ice melts.
a.
remains constant
b.
reduces to zero
c.
decreases
d.
increases
Hint
9.
Using information from Table 12-2, determine which of the following processes will require the most energy be added.
a.
1 kg of iron is changed from liquid to gas.
b.
1 kg of copper is converted from solid to liquid.
c.
2 kg of water is evaporated.
d.
1 kg of liquid mercury is frozen.
Hint
10.
An increase in heat in a system __________.
a.
reduces temperature
b.
increases entropy
c.
has less kinetic energy
d.
decreases entropy
Hint
11.
Which has the highest entropy?
a.
an ice cube
b.
a stack of books
c.
a fire
d.
a diamond
Hint
12.
Which of the following is ordered from the least thermal energy to the most?
a.
ice to water to steam
b.
ice to steam to water
c.
steam to water to ice
d.
water to ice to steam
Hint
13.
When disorder increases, entropy __________.
a.
reaches zero
b.
decreases
c.
increases
d.
fluctuates
Hint
