Matter is Made up of Atoms
Practice Test
1.
This atom is the standard for atomic masses.
a.
aluminum-27
b.
oxygen-16
c.
uranium-238
d.
carbon-12
2.
What is the maximum number of electrons that can be present in each principal energy level of hydrogen?
a.
2n
b.
2n 2
c.
n
d.
n 2
3.
The two routes for nitrogen fixation in nature are __________.
a.
lightning and ozone formation
b.
lightning and ultraviolet radiation
c.
bacteria and lightning
d.
bacteria and the water cycle
4.
Which of the results of Rutherford's gold foil experiments was not consistent with the plum pudding atomic model?
a.
Most of the alpha particles passed straight through the gold foil.
b.
The paths of alpha particles were only slightly altered by collisions with electrons.
c.
Some alpha particles were deflected straight back toward the particle source.
d.
The zinc sulfide coated screen produced a flash of light whenever it was struck by an alpha particle.
5.
What properties did Rutherford use in the design of the gold foil experiment?
a.
alpha particle's positive charge and electron's negative charge
b.
alpha particle's negative charge and gold foil's positive charge
c.
positively charged electrons distributed in a uniform negative charge
d.
alpha particle's negative charge and random distribution of protons
6.
In natural waste-disposal processes, atoms are ___________.
a.
destroyed
b.
made into aluminum
c.
recycled
d.
created
7.
The number of protons in the nucleus of the atoms of an element determines the element's _____________.
a.
atomic mass
b.
gender
c.
atomic number
d.
mass number
8.
When 0.243 g of magnesium reacts with 0.160 g of oxygen, how many grams of magnesium oxide is produced?
a.
less than 0.403 g
b.
0.486 g
c.
0.243 g
d.
0.403 g
9.
A hypothesis is more likely to become a __________ because __________.
a.
theory, fewer experiments are needed in order to support it
b.
scientific law; theories are conclusions reached by many scientists about relationships in nature
c.
scientific law; fewer trials are needed during the experimental phase
d.
theory, scientific laws are conclusions reached by many scientists about relationships in nature
10.
An atom's valence electrons are those in its ___________.
a.
electron clouds
b.
inner energy levels
c.
lowest energy level
d.
outermost energy level
11.
The weighted average mass of all of an element's naturally occurring isotopes is the element's ________________.
a.
atomic number
b.
atomic mass
c.
symbol
d.
mass number
12.
This isotope is often used to date prehistoric fossils.
a.
calcium-40
b.
carbon-14
c.
uranium-235
d.
oxygen-16
13.
These two particles are found in atomic nuclei.
a.
protons and gamma rays
b.
protons and neutrons
c.
protons and electrons
d.
neutrons and electrons
14.
The nucleus of this atom contains nine protons and nine neutrons.
a.
nitrogen-19
b.
neon-18
c.
fluorine-18
d.
oxygen-18
15.
What is the frequency of yellow light , which has a wavelength of 5.56 x 10 -7 m?
a.
1.85 x 10 15 m/s
b.
5.40 x 10 14 m/s
c.
5.40 x 10 14 Hz
d.
1.85 x 10 15 Hz
16.
What is the wavelength of a radio wave having a frequency of 3.75 x 10 7 Hz?
a.
8.0 m
b.
80 m
c.
0.8 m
d.
.08 m
17.
Lavoisier came to the conclusion that air is a mixture made up mostly of these two gases.
a.
oxygen and carbon dioxide
b.
hydrogen and oxygen
c.
oxygen and methane
d.
nitrogen and oxygen
18.
The distance between corresponding points on two consecutive waves is called _____________.
a.
frequency
b.
speed
c.
amplitude
d.
wavelength
19.
A magnesium atom has _______ valence electron.
a.
two
b.
five
c.
four
d.
three
20.
Rutherford's gold-foil experiment showed that the atomic nucleus is ________________.
a.
small and negative
b.
small, dense, and positive
c.
large, light, and positive
d.
large
21.
Ne-21 is an _____________ of neon.
a.
allotrope
b.
atomic mass
c.
isotope
d.
atomic number
22.
Greek philosophers thought these four elements formed all matter.
a.
earth, air, fire, water
b.
hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen
c.
carbon, phosphorus, calcium, oxygen
d.
earth, sea, air, plasma
23.
An element's emission spectrum is thought to be produced when electrons move from _____________.
a.
higher to lower energy levels
b.
lower to higher energy levels
c.
inside the atom to outside the atom
d.
the nucleus to energy levels
24.
When an atom absorbs energy that causes one of its electrons to move to a higher energy level, the atom is said to be in _____________.
a.
an excited state
b.
an outer orbit
c.
the ground state
d.
the nucleus
25.
This scientist compared the the motions of electrons in atoms to the motions of planets orbiting the sun.
a.
Priestly
b.
Rutherford
c.
Bohr
d.
Thomson
26.
This subatomic particle has a mass of 1.01 u and a charge of zero.
a.
neutron
b.
electron
c.
positron
d.
proton
27.
This element is in period two of the periodic table and has four dots in its Lewis dot diagram.
a.
carbon
b.
neon
c.
beryllium
d.
oxygen
28.
This color of light has the highest frequency of the visible electomagnetic spectrum.
a.
violet
b.
blue
c.
green
d.
red
29.
Thomson showed that the atom was not a solid ball when he discovered the ___________.
a.
proton
b.
electron
c.
neutron
d.
alpha particle
30.
What can you conclude from the deflection of a cathode ray in a magnetic field?
a.
The ray must have a positive charge.
b.
The ray must be composed of charged particles.
c.
The ray must be composed of iron.
d.
The ray must need to travel in a vacuum.
