The Chemistry of Life
Practice Test
1.
Carbohydrates are made up of these three elements.
a.
carbon, calcium, and hydrogen
b.
carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen
c.
carbon, phosphorus, and hydrogen
d.
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
2.
____________ are organic molecules that are required in small amounts in the diet.
a.
Lipids
b.
Proteins
c.
Vitamins
d.
Carbohydrates
3.
By what type of reaction are monosaccharides linked together to form disaccharides?
a.
combustion
b.
condensation
c.
addition
d.
dehydration
4.
More than 95% of the atoms in your body are these four elements.
a.
oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen
b.
iron, phosphorus, carbon, and hydrogen
c.
hydrogen, iron, silicon, and oxygen
d.
oxygen, hydrogen, calcium, and carbon
5.
The chemistry of living things is called _______________.
a.
biochemistry
b.
analytical chemistry
c.
inorganic chemistry
d.
organic chemistry
6.
These are biological compounds that contain a large proportion of C-H bonds and less oxygen than carbohydrates.
a.
substrates
b.
lipids
c.
sugars
d.
bones
7.
Adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, and uracil are five different _________________ found in nucleotides.
a.
sugars
b.
nucleic acids
c.
phosphate groups
d.
nitrogen-containing bases
8.
If a molecule contains a 5-carbon sugar, the nitrogen base uracil, and can be used in protein synthesis, then the molecule is __________.
a.
DNA
b.
cytosine
c.
thymine
d.
RNA
9.
Fatty acids bond to glycerol molecules to form _______________.
a.
trigylcerides
b.
proteins
c.
polysaccharides
d.
polypeptides
10.
DNA and RNA are the two kinds of ________________ found in cells.
a.
lipids
b.
nucleic acids
c.
carbohydrates
d.
steroids
11.
What is the product of an endothermic reaction in which an inorganic phosphate group is added to adenosine diphosphate?
a.
ADP
b.
glucose
c.
ATP
d.
lactic acid
12.
Proteins are polymers made up of these monomers.
a.
hexoses
b.
alkenes
c.
amino acids
d.
vitamins
13.
Cells store energy by forming this compound.
a.
acetone
b.
sucrose
c.
ATP
d.
stearic acid
14.
Glucose, fructose, and ribose are _____________.
a.
monosaccharides
b.
disaccharides
c.
proteins
d.
polymers
15.
In this process, cells generate glucose anaerobically.
a.
oxidation
b.
fermentation
c.
glycolysis
d.
respiration
16.
The sum of all the chemical reactions necessary for the life of an organism is its ____________.
a.
respiration
b.
locomotion
c.
metabolism
d.
digestion
17.
Scurvy is a rare disease in developed countries today because fresh fruits and vegetables provide this essential nutrient.
a.
vitamin E
b.
iron
c.
iodine
d.
vitamin C
18.
A chain of 15 amino acids joined by peptide bonds is called a(n) __________.
a.
polypeptide
b.
peptide
c.
protein
d.
enzyme
19.
What functional group do fatty acids and amino acids have in common?
a.
amino
b.
carbonyl
c.
amide
d.
carboxyl
20.
______________ are made in specific organs of the body and travel through the bloodstream to communicate with cells in other locations.
a.
Fats
b.
Nucleic acids
c.
Vitamins
d.
Hormones
