Chemistry in the Environment
Practice Test
1.
What term is used to describe all the water on Earth’s surface?
a.
oceans
b.
aquifer
c.
hydrosphere
d.
troposphere
2.
What atoms make up ozone?
a.
three oxygen atoms
b.
two oxygen atoms
c.
two oxygen atoms and one nitrogen atom
d.
two nitrogen atoms
3.
Which gas is present in the highest concentration in the atmosphere?
a.
argon
b.
nitrogen
c.
carbon dioxide
d.
oxygen
4.
During the municipal treatment of water, a process is used to combine air with dissolved harmful, organic substances and convert them to harmless compounds. What is this process called?
a.
filtering
b.
aeration
c.
sedimentation
d.
coagulation
5.
Although nitrogen gas cannot be used by plants, it can be converted into forms that plants can use. What process converts nitrogen gas into this more useful form?
SC.G.1.4.2
a.
nitrogen fixation
b.
photosynthesis
c.
global warming
d.
precipitation
6.
Nitrogen is oxidized in the atmosphere and in the soil by nitrogen-fixing bacteria. What is the most oxidized form of nitrogen?
a.
nitrogen dioxide
b.
ammonia
c.
nitrogen monoxide
d.
nitrate
7.
What is the name given to a solid inorganic, compound found in nature?
a.
mineral
b.
precipitation
c.
vitamin
d.
solution
8.
When an increase in greenhouse gases leads to an increase in the temperature over all of Earth, a specific condition occurs. What is the common name for this condition?
SC.G.2.4.6
a.
ozone hole
b.
carbon cycle
c.
photosynthesis
d.
global warming
9.
__________ is difficult to remove from sewage and wastewater and contributes to bacterial and algal overgrowth in freshwater.
a.
carbon
b.
nitrogen
c.
lead
d.
oxygen
10.
What chemicals are used by plants to make carbohydrates during photosynthesis?
SC.G.1.4.3
a.
carbon dioxide and calcium carbonate
b.
carbon dioxide and water
c.
carbon dioxide and nitrogen
d.
water and calcium carbonate
11.
The two routes for nitrogen fixation in nature are __________.
SC.G.1.4.2
a.
bacteria and the water cycle
b.
lightning and ultraviolet radiation
c.
bacteria and lightning
d.
lightning and ozone formation
12.
What is the most abundant element in Earth’s crust?
a.
nitrogen
b.
carbon
c.
oxygen
d.
sodium
13.
Which part of the atmosphere is closest to Earth’s surface?
a.
thermosphere
b.
troposphere
c.
mesosphere
d.
stratosphere
14.
What is the solid part of Earth’s crust called?
a.
lithosphere
b.
troposphere
c.
hydrosphere
d.
atmosphere
15.
Which part of the atmosphere contains the ozone layer?
a.
mesosphere
b.
thermosphere
c.
stratosphere
d.
troposphere
16.
Which of the following resulted in Earth's core becoming more dense than its crust?
a.
oxygenation
b.
rapid heating
c.
gravity
d.
high electronegativity
17.
The photodissociation of diatomic oxygen in the atmosphere produces ___________.
a.
O
b.
ozone
c.
2O
d.
oxygen and electrons
18.
What is the source of power that drives the water cycle?
a.
the Sun
b.
tides
c.
nuclear power plants
d.
gravity
19.
What term is used to describe a metal-containing mineral that can be processed for a reasonable profit?
a.
slag
b.
ore
c.
crust
d.
gangue
20.
__________ use the greatest percentage of freshwater in the United States.
a.
Residents
b.
Industries
c.
Governments
d.
Farms
