Jobless Europeans Protest Austerity Measures

Anxious workers throughout Europe took to the streets earlier this year, protesting layoffs and cuts in social welfare spending. As European companies try to compete with lower-cost competition from Asia and the United States, a growing number of companies are reducing their labor forces and closing plants, exacerbating the already high level of unemployment in Europe. At the same time, austerity programs are either in place or planned that will reduce the level of social assistance in France, Germany, Italy, and Belgium. Under the Maastricht Treaty,which will unite Europe under a single currency by 1999, member countries must reduce their deficits, thus forcing them to adopt such programs.

Questions

1. How high is unemployment in Europe?
2. Why have European companies been laying off workers?

Summit Focuses on Jobs and Economic Growth

The leaders of the world's leading industrial countries and Russia met in Denver last summer to discuss establishing a new foundation for the twenty-first century. The summit meeting marked the first time that Russia was treated as a virtual equal to the nations formerly known as the G-7: Britain, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, and the United States.

Much of the summit was spent discussing the American model of job creation and economic growth. Although the European leaders admire the capacity of the United States economy to create jobs, they worry about the quality of jobs being produced in the United States and the rising income inequality there.

The final communiqué issued by the summit leaders represented a defeat for environmentalists. The Europeans had sought tougher rules on global warming and deforestation, which the Clinton Administration rejected.

 

Heads of Government of G-7
Countries and Russia


Country

Britain
Canada
France
Germany
Italy
Japan
United States
Russia

Head of
Government

Tony Blair
Jean Chrétien
Jacques Chirac
Helmut Kohl
Romano Prodi
Ryutaro Hashimoto
Bill Clinton
Boris Yeltsin


Title

Prime Minister
Prime Minister
President
Chancellor
Prime Minister
Prime Minister
President
President

 
Questions

1. Which countries formery comprised the G-7?
2. Why are the European countries reluctant to adopt the United States' model for economic growth?

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