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1. | Which of the following statements about job categories is TRUE?
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| a) Unskilled workers have jobs that require no specialized training but do require good general employment skills.
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| b) Semiskilled workers are workers who have learned a trade or a craft, either through a vocational school or as an apprentice to an experienced worker.
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| c) Skilled workers are workers who have college degrees and, often, additional education or training.
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| d) Professionals are workers whose jobs require some training, often using modern technology.
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2. | All of the following statements about supply and demand in the labor market are true EXCEPT __________
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| a) because the demand for highly talented individuals is usually high, whereas the supply of such employees is often scarce, a shortage occurs.
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| b) the demand for employees who will perform unpleasant or dangerous work is high, but the supply of laborers willing to do the work may be low.
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| c) the supply of employees who desire to work in prestigious industries, like filmmaking, is high, so these employees demand higher wages.
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| d) if workers are relatively scarce in an area, companies have to pay higher wages to attract workers to move there.
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3. | Unionism in the late 1800s and early 1900s met strong resistance from all of the following sources EXCEPT __________
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| a) strikers.
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| b) state legislatures that passed laws against unions.
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| c) courts that upheld the laws passed by state legislatures.
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| d) businesses that refused to hire union members .
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4. | The membership policy in an agency shop is that __________
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| a) new employees must join the union after a specified period of time.
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| b) the company can hire only employees who are not union members.
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| c) employees are not required to join the union, but they must pay union dues.
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| d) the company can hire only union members.
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5. | The major issues over which union contracts are negotiated include all the following EXCEPT __________
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| a) wages.
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| b) job training.
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| c) job security and grievance procedures.
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| d) working conditions and working hours.
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6. | Strikes may trigger certain actions by workers and management. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the results of failed negotiations?
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| a) In a lockout, arbitrators urge the public not to purchase goods or services produced by a company.
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| b) Management sometimes uses boycotts to prevent workers from returning to work until they agree to a new contract.
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| c) An injunction is a court order requested by the union to prevent a strike from continuing or even occurring.
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| d) Picketing is meant to discourage workers from crossing the picket line to work for the employer.
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7. | Which of the following statements about unions today is NOT TRUE?
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| a) Collective bargaining is on the decline because all workers enjoy better wages, working conditions, and job security.
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| b) Union membership has steadily increased since about 1955.
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| c) Union membership continues to decline because of the changing nature of the economy.
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| d) Employers argue that union rules decrease productivity in the workplace.
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