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1. | Which of the following is NOT one of the four goals of psychology?
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| a) to explain behavior
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| b) to influence behavior
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| c) to describe behavior
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| d) to prevent behavior
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2. | Which statement about the scientific basis of psychology is MOST accurate?
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| a) Psychologists state the facts, formulate and test hypotheses, and then propose theories.
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| b) Psychologists formulate theories and then test their theories with hypotheses.
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| c) Psychologists who view psychology as an applied science conduct long-term research to discover more about behavior.
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| d) An example of a psychologist involved in basic science would be a psychologist applying basic psychological principles to the design of a toy that appeals to infants.
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3. | Which is the correct order of the scientific method used by psychologists in their studies?
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| a) identify question, formulate hypothesis, collect data, analyze data
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| b) analyze data, identify question, formulate hypothesis, collect data
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| c) collect data, analyze data, identify question, formulate hypothesis
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| d) formulate hypothesis, identify question, collect data, analyze data
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4. | Which of the following statements about the early history of psychology is NOT true?
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| a) The Greeks, who studied human behavior in the fifth and sixth centuries B.C., determined that people were rational.
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| b) The scientific discoveries of the Renaissance refined the concept of experimentation through observation.
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| c) In the seventeenth century, René Descartes promoted the popular idea of dualism, the concept that mind and body are separate and distinct.
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| d) Wilhelm Wundt created the Laboratory of Psychology in 1879 and is credited with establishing the study of psychology as a separate, formal field of study.
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5. | ____ is known as the "father of psychology" in the United States.
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| a) Wilhelm Wundt
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| b) William James
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| c) Sir Francis Galton
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| d) Sigmund Freud
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6. | _____ is the study of how sensations are assembled into perceptual experiences.
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| a) Functionalism
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| b) Psychoanalytic psychology
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| c) Gestalt psychology
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| d) Behavioral psychology
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7. | _____ used the methods of free association and dream analysis to study his patients' unconscious processes.
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| a) Sigmund Freud
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| b) Ivan Pavlov
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| c) Max Wertheimer
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| d) Sir Francis Galton
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8. | Ivan Pavlov's studies involving a dog and a tuning fork led to the behavioral known as a result of ____.
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| a) psychoanalysis
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| b) Gestalt
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| c) humanism
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| d) classical conditioning
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9. | Humanists describe human nature as ____.
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| a) the result of inheritable traits
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| b) evolving and self-directed
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| c) the result of learning, remembering, and social interactions
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| d) the result of our physiological makeup
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10. | Which of the following is NOT true about professional psychologists?
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| a) About half of all psychologists are clinical psychologists.
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| b) Developmental psychologists study the interaction between physical and psychological health factors.
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| c) Counseling psychologists work in schools or industrial firms advising people on problems of everyday life.
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| d) Environmental psychologists study the effects of the environment on people.
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11. | All of the following are activities of the psychologist EXCEPT ____.
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| a) explaining behavior
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| b) administering and interpreting personality tests
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| c) counseling
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| d) prescribing medication
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