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Chapter 5: Socialization |
Chapter five explores the process of socialization. For many
years scientists and sociologists have debated whether people
become who they are due to their biological makeup, or due to
the environment in which they live. Neither perspective provides
a complete explanation-rather, the answer seems to be a combination
of many factors, such as the interaction of heredity and environment
and the level of socialization throughout the life course.
That people develop identities through social interaction
is a point stressed by social psychologists. The "looking-glass
self," role-taking, and the internal dynamics of socialization
(Freud's id, ego, and superego) are used to describe the impact
and importance of socialization and social interaction. The
socialization of people occurs in many different ways. Agents
that influence childhood socialization include the family,
peers, the mass media, and schools. In adulthood, the need
to adapt to social change often results in desocialization
and resocialization.
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