Chapter 19 World War II   1. Which of the following statements about Japan is true?     A) In the 1930s, Japan was becoming a powerful rival to the Soviet Union in Asia.     B) Japan needed more people to live on its land and work in its factories.     C) The Washington Conference of 1921 had helped Japan consolidate its claims in China.     D) When the League of Nations demanded the return of Manchuria to Chinese jurisdiction, Japan obeyed.   2. The governments of Italy and Germany were based on a political doctrine called fascism. What is fascism?     A) a strongly nationalistic form of government in which a dictator and supporters cooperate to seek more power for their nation, usually at the expense of the rights for individuals     B) a policy of giving aggressor nations what they want in order to avoid war     C) a form of government where nations refuse to take sides     D) a political state where the government is chosen in free elections   3. What country did Italy conquer in 1937?     A) Austria     B) Spain     C) Ethiopia     D) Czechoslovakia   4. How did Britain and France react when Adolf Hitler began to act aggressively in Europe?     A) They fought back.     B) They tried to appease Hitler.     C) They came to the defense of the victim nations.     D) They invoked the Treaty of Versailles.   5. Who was the Spanish dictator who won a bitter civil war with the help of the Germans and the Italians?     A) Francisco Franco     B) Adolf Hitler     C) Benito Mussolini     D) Neville Chamberlain   6. Which of the following did NOT attempt to keep America out of war in Europe?     A) isolationists     B) internationalists     C) newspapers in the William Randolph Hearst chain     D) Charles Lindbergh   7. What did the signing of the nonaggression pact between Russia and Germany add to the situation in Europe?     A) It cleared the way for Germany to invade Poland.     B) It cleared the way for Germany to invade France.     C) It formed an alliance between Great Britain, France, and Russia that could stand up to Germany's aggression.     D) It opened up the possibility of a two-front war.   8. Why was the word "blitzkrieg" invented?     A) to describe what happened at Dunkirk in France     B) to describe how Czechoslovakia was annexed by Germany     C) to describe the response of Great Britain and France to Germany's invasion of Poland     D) to describe the fast and brutal attack of the Germans on Poland   9. Which event prompted America's full entrance into the war?     A) the Battle of Britain     B) Germany's second attack on the Soviet Union     C) Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor     D) Japan's alliance with the Axis Powers   10. Which of the following was NOT a Japanese victory early in the war?     A) the Battle of Britain     B) the Philippines     C) Hong Kong     D) Pearl Harbor   11. What helped Russia defeat the German army in 1943?     A) the invasion of Western Europe     B) Russia's heroic stand at Stalingrad     C) the Russian winter     D) Germany's inability to advance across Russia   12. Who was the German commander in the North African campaign?     A) George S. Patton     B) Lloyd R. Fredendall     C) Erwin Rommel     D) Bernard L. Montgomery   13. How did World War II end the Great Depression's unemployment?     A) It prevented women from taking jobs that had previously been done by men.     B) It prevented African Americans from taking jobs that had previously been held by whites.     C) It put people on welfare so they would not need a job.     D) It put people to work making war materials.   14. The period of World War II was marked by many wildcat strikes. What is a wildcat strike?     A) a work stoppage without union approval     B) a work stoppage with union approval     C) a work stoppage where workers do not leave the factory     D) a closed factory caused by a strike   15. What did the Supreme Court decide in Korematsu v. United States?     A) The Court upheld the government's policy of interning Japanese Americans as necessary for national security.     B) The Court ordered the government to reimburse Japanese Americans for losses they suffered due to internment.     C) The Court ordered that an official government apology be made to Japanese Americans.     D) The Court ordered that the government decorate the highly successful Japanese American army unit that fought in the Italian campaign.