Chapter 3 Kingdoms and Empires in the Middle East   1. One contrast between the Aramaeans and the Phoenicians was that ____________     A) the Phoenicians traded with their own colonies.     B) the Aramaeans developed a monetary system.     C) the Phoenicians sailed the seas.     D) the Aramaeans looked down on trading.   2. People living in the Fertile Crescent learned Aramaic because for many years ____________     A) it was the only written language in the region.     B) the Phoenicians used it.     C) the Aramaeans conquered the entire region.     D) it was the language of trade.   3. Barter is ____________     A) the exchange of goods or services for other goods or services.     B) a type of formal business contract requiring a signature.     C) the form of government by which foreign settlements are ruled.     D) none of the above   4. The Israelites differed from other peoples in Canaan in that they were ____________     A) nomadic.     B) farmers.     C) monotheists.     D) all of the above   5. A covenant is best defined as a(n) ____________     A) departure.     B) agreement.     C) judge.     D) religion.   6. The name Judah refers to ____________     A) the ten tribes in the northern kingdom of Israel.     B) the temple in Jerusalem.     C) where the two southern tribes of Israel lived.     D) the exile of the Jews to Babylon.   7. Which of the following developments can be attributed to the Hittites?     A) the use of iron weapons     B) the development of a light, spoke-wheeled chariot     C) a legal system less harsh than others in the region     D) all of the above   8. Nebuchadnezzar, who took the people of Judah into Babylonian exile, was king of ____________     A) the Persians.     B) the Assyrians.     C) the Chaldeans.     D) Israel.   9. A distinguishing characteristic of the Persians was ____________     A) their tolerance of other people's customs.     B) the fact that they were Indo-European.     C) that they administered their kingdom with satraps.     D) all of the above   10. Identify Zoroaster.     A) He was the son of Darius I, King of Persia.     B) He was the father of Alexander the Great.     C) He conquered Assyria.     D) He was a Persian prophet.