**TI83F* AppVariable file 12/24/08, 18:33 GLA212nav 26CE319875DD4F1B9DFDCB650E5220B1GLA212.BGLA2121  alternative hypothesisualternative hypothesis:Mutually exclusive to the null hypothesis. It is stated as an inequality using <, , >, or . biased`biased:A sample or survey in which one or more parts of the population are favored over others. binomial distributionlbinomial distribution:A distribution that shows the probabilities of the outcomes of a binomial experiment. binomial experimentbinomial experiment:An experiment in which there are exactly two possible outcomes for each trial, a fixed number of independent trials, and the probabilities for each trial are the same.  causationFcausation:One event is shown to be the direct cause of another event. censusCcensus:A survey in which every member of the population is polled. conditional probabilitycconditional probability:The probability of an event given that another event has already occurred. confidence intervalqconfidence interval:An estimate of a population parameter stated as a range with a specific degree of certainty.  contingency tablecontingency table:Records data in which different possible situations result in different possible outcomes. Each value represents the relative frequency of an outcome.  #continuous probability distributionxcontinuous probability distribution:The outcome can be any value in an interval of real numbers, represented by curves.   control goupLcontrol goup:In an experiment, those given the placebo, or false treatment.   correlation$correlation:Two events are related.  "discrete probability distributions_discrete probability distributions:Probabilities that have a finite number of possible values. expected valueexpected value:It is the weighted average of the values in a probability distribution if the weight applied to each value is its theoretical probability.  experimentsexperiment:Something that is intentionally done to people, animals, or objects, and then the response is observed. experimental probabilityUexperimental probability:What is estimated from observed simulations or experiments. failure@failure:Any outcome other than the desired outcome of an event.  hypothesisMhypothesis:An assumption about a population that can be verified by testing. inferential statisticsinferential statistics:Statistics like predictions and hypothesis testing are used to draw conclusions about a population by using a sample. margin of sampling errormargin of sampling error:The limit on the difference between how a sample responds and how the total population would respond. measure of central tendency\measure of central tendency:A number that represents the center or middle of a set of data. measure of variationWmeasure of variation:A representation of how spread out or scattered a set of data is. normal distribution!Rnormal distribution:A frequency distribution that often occurs when there is a large number of values in a set of data: about 68 percent of the values are within one standard deviation of the mean, 95 percent of the values are within two standard deviations of the mean, and 99 percent of the values are within three standard deviations. null hypothesisnull hypothesis:A specific hypothesis to be tested. It is expressed as an equality and is considered true until evidence indicates otherwise. observational study^observational study:Individuals are observed and no attempt is made to influence the results.  parameterEparameter:A measure that describes a characteristic of a population.  population8population:An entire group of living things or objects.  probabilityprobability:The ratio of the number of favorable outcomes for an event to the number of possible outcomes of the event. P(a) = (number of favorable outcomes) / (total number of possible outcomes). probability distributionprobability distribution:A function that maps the sample space to the probabilities of the outcomes in the sample space for a particular random variable. random variable Mrandom variable:The outcome of a random process that has a numerical value. relative frequency\relative frequency:In a contingency table, the frequency of occurrence for each data value.  relative frequency histogramorelative frequency histogram:A table of probabilities or a graph to help visualize a probability distribution.! samplesample:A part of a population."  sample space=sample space:The list of all possible outcomes for an event.# skewed distributionxskewed distribution:A curve or histogram that is not symmetric representing data that are not balanced around the mean.$ standard deviationFstandard deviation:The square root of the variance, represented by a.%  statisticAstatistic:A measure that describes a characteristic of a sample.& statistical inferencestatistical inference:Use inferential statistics like predictions and hypothesis testing. Use information from a sample to draw conclusions about a population.' success)success:The desired outcome of an event.( survey7survey:Used to collect information about a population.) theoretical probabilityGtheoretical probability:What should occur in a probability experiment.* treatment groupWtreatment group:In an experiment, the people, animals, or objects given the treatment.+ unbiasedgunbiased:When a sample is random, or not based on any predetermined characteristics of the population., uniform distributionQuniform distribution:A distribution where all of the probabilities are the same.- univariate data(univariate data:Data with one variable.. variableIvariable:Symbols, usually letters, used to represent unknown quantities./ varianceMvariance:The mean of the squares of the deviations from the arithmetic mean.8`A!1FC0*RE)%R*RE%%R)"( `!@@@     @@@   @ ``0 a